28th International Congress on project Management "Project Management in the Digital Decade"

Research and development (R&D) is increasingly recognized as a strategic necessity in the construction sector, despite historically low investment levels compared to high-tech in-dustries. This paper explores the evolving role of R&D in construction, beginning with a con-ceptual overview and typology of R&D models, then examining how these models translate into real-world practices among contractors, design firms, and equipment manufacturers. The analy-sis outlines how R&D spending is measured, what innovation areas receive funding, and offers international examples from leading companies such as CSCEC, Bouygues, Vinci, and Caterpil-lar. While these global actors demonstrate structured and impactful R&D strategies, the paper also highlights the underdeveloped state of R&D reporting in Serbia, where data is scarce and no major construction firms have reported intangible investments in development. This gap em-phasizes the need for improved policy frameworks, financial transparency, and national innova-tion incentives. The study concludes by advocating for a more integrated and accountable ap-proach to R&D in construction as a pathway toward sustainable growth, competitiveness, and technological resilience in both global and national contexts.